Interoperability

"At its core, interoperability is the ability of different systems, organizations, and nations to work together coherently, effectively, and efficiently. Within NATO, it encompasses far more than simply plugging in the same equipment or using compatible software. It means aligning doctrine, training, procedures, and culture across thirty-two diverse member nations — and trusted partners — to ensure collective military effectiveness.

Interoperability effectiveness depends on alignment in three core areas:

• Technical interoperability: Can systems and networks exchange data in real time?

• Procedural interoperability: Are tactics, techniques, and procedures aligned?

• Human interoperability: Do people speak a common language of operations, trust each other, and train together?

Consider a joint operation involving a Norwegian radar system, a German air defence unit, and a Dutch command post. Without interoperability, those components cannot function as a cohesive whole. But when interoperability is achieved, these capabilities multiply each other’s effect, producing faster decisions, better outcomes, and fewer risks."

Source: https://www.act.nato.int/article/what-is-interoperability/#:~:text=At%20its%20core%2C%20interoperability%20is,better%20outcomes%2C%20and%20fewer%20risks.