Introduction Power today no longer moves only through armies or alliances. It moves through capital. In a fragmented world where energy, technology, and supply chains have become battlefields, sovereign wealth has turned from a financial instrument into a strategic one. What was once passive accumulation is now deliberate direction. Across the United States, Europe, the Gulf, and Asia, states are rediscovering their role as investors of last resort, and first movers of power.

The American National Style in 2025: How can Europe respond? Tariffs, shattered alliances, and one crisis ‘solved’ each month: Donald Trump’s second term is American foreign policy in its rawest form. To help us understand this moment in history, few can help us as much as Stanley Hoffmann, who theorized that American foreign policy is guided by a clear National Style. President Trump’s second term magnifies enduring features of the National Style but has thus far applied the

Every empire and order has believed that power rests in weapons, wealth, or will.  Yet history's longest and quietest force has invariably been demographic.  The rise and fall of civilizations -- Rome, the Ottoman Empire, or the Soviet Union -- has been determined as much by age structures and fertility rates, as by military or ideological vigor.  Today, as great-power competition intensifies and the liberal international order is increasingly subject to revision, demography

Part 2: A Country-Level Analysis: Impacts and Responses Along the Schengen-Eastern Frontier As outlined in the first part of this...

In December 1971, just before Bangladesh declared independence, U.S. Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs Ural Alexis Johnson...

On Senegal’s northern coast, where the Senegal River meets the Atlantic, the city of Saint-Louis has long charmed visitors with its...

Europe Wants Strategic Autonomy - But Cant't Rely on Itself Since the end of the Cold War, European countries have relied on the US-led...

Venezuela’s Resource Wealth: From Potential to Decline Venezuela possesses some of the most abundant resources in the Western Hemisphere...

As the Indo-Pacific tilts toward geopolitical turbulence, the European Union’s long-standing ambition for “strategic autonomy” is once...

Intro Despite the divisions running through the Western bloc, the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, and the European Union are all...

Abstract This analysis explores Japan’s maritime power, examining how its profound knowledge of the sea has historically shaped the...

Introduction President Biden’s National Security Strategy (NSS) in October 2022 signaled a new rivalry-driven strategic stance for the...

“We thought we had a Qatar of gas,” said Bolivia’s Minister of Energy and Hydrocarbons, Franklin Molina Ortiz in October 2024 to describe...

The early 21st century has witnessed the revival of competing visions for Eurasia as both a geographic and civilizational space.  At the...

Part 1: Understanding Weaponized Migration as a Hybrid Threat Against Europe Introduction     In December 2024, the European Union’s...

In the contested South China Sea, symbolic territorial claim demonstrations are nothing novel. Just last week, China conducted a...

Landlocked and often overlooked, Uganda is one of the world’s lowest-income countries. Yet, beneath its soil lies a resource with the...

When it comes to renewable energy, the development of solar photovoltaics (PV) for residential and commercial use has tripled between...

Abstract This article will examine the role of contractors, offering a historical perspective on the figure of the mercenary and its...

Two years into Javier Milei’s presidency, Argentina stands at a critical juncture in its modern economic history. Elected amid one of the...